What is Futures Trading and How Does it Work?

There are many people who want to know what iswhat contract you want to invest in. For instance,
futures trading? Futures trading is simply a contractkeeping with our wheat example, wheat is traded in
for a predetermined amount of commodities that isa standard size of 5,000 bushels of wheat.
established today and delivered tomorrow. This typeEach 1 cent move is $50 dollar move. The minimum
of transaction helps those that are both buyers andmove for wheat is 1/4 of a cent or $12.50 per 5,000
sellers of a specific commodity by allowing to lock inbushels. As you can see, unlike stocks this makes
cost and have the commodity sold before it is eventhings easier to figure out. Stocks are based on how
harvested.many shares multiplied by the current stock prices so
Futures Trading For Speculatorsthat sum is varied.
Now, in order to make market prices liquid the CFTCBetter Leverage In Futures Trading
allowed the speculator to assist in creating tighterLeverage is a double edged sword and should be
price spreads between bid and ask prices. What arerespected as such. Many "get rich" programs focus
bid and ask prices? Glad you asked. Based on theon how the large leverage can make you a large
perspective the bid and ask prices means thechunk of cash in a very short period of time. While
opposite to the both the buyer and seller.this is true, leverage can also work against you. If
For the buyer, the bid price means that this is theyou are on the losing end, you can lose a lot of
market price if you are planning to sell short amoney quickly.
commodity for the purpose to position yourself for aWhat do I mean by leverage? Well, in comparison to
downward move. For the buyer, the ask price is thestocks, you can buy one contract of wheat for
price in which you would buy a certain commodity.about $700-1200 dollars. That number can change
The opposite would be true for the seller.based on volatility,you'll need to ensure what your
The Role Of Futures Trading Exchangesmargin is from your futures broker. Let assume
So the futures trading exchanges are the centralizedthough that the margin to place in order to secure a
marketplace where both the buyers and the sellerscontract of wheat is $700 dollars and you are buying
of a specific commodity is auctioned off. By having athat contract at a price of 3.10.
centralized location, it provides one main auctionIf that price moved from 3.10 to 3.30 you would
gathering for those that are interested. Prices arehave made .20 cents or .20 x $50 dollars which equals
based on exchanges. There are some commodities$1,000 dollars per contract. This can happen rather
that are traded at multiple exchanges like Wheat.quickly depending on many different factors like
To determine the price of wheat, you first must looksupply and demand or the weather. If you exit this
at the exchange to see what the price is at thattrade you receive your margin money of $700 dollars
particular exchange. Although most prices are aroundplus the profits of $1,000 dollars. In retrospect if you
the same general area, you want to ensure that ifbought the minimum amount of shares to trade
you are trading Chicago Board Of Trade Wheat, youwhich is 100 shares of a $20 dollar stock, you would
want CBOT wheat prices and not the Minneapolispay $2000 dollars to establish your position. If the
exchange price.stock moved from $20 dollars to $25 dollars you
These exchanges are also important as this is whereprofit would be $5 dollars multiplied by 100 or 500
the prices for electronic futures trading originates.dollars.
Now, since many traders trade exclusively viaSeems somewhat close to our futures trade right?
electronic trading, real time data can be fed toThe answer is no. In futures, you risked only $700
investors easily since the information is originatingdollars to make $1000 dollars while in stocks you
from a centralized location.risked $2000 dollars to make $500 dollars. See the
Standardized Futures Contractspower of leverage!
As mentioned in the beginning paragraph, futuresSo now that you that you understand what is
trading uses standardized contracts for commoditiesfutures trading, you can make your decision whether
that trade. This makes things easier when calculatingit is more advantageous for you to invest in futures
what your potential profits and losses when analyzingor stocks.