| In our last publication, we touched a bit on 4-stroke | | | | cylinder head. |
| dieselengine. Today, let's touch on 2-strokes. | | | | From Bottom Dead Center (BDC), the piston, full of |
| What is a 2-stroke diesel engine? | | | | freshair, moves up the cylinder liner until it covers up |
| As the name suggests, these engines work on | | | | the airintake port. The air intake process stops. |
| reciprocatingactions of pistons. One stroke means | | | | The piston moves further up. It then covers up the |
| one linear motion of thepiston in one direction. When | | | | exhaustport on the cylinder liner. The exhaust |
| the piston moves in the oppositedirection, that is | | | | process stops. |
| counted as another stroke. | | | | The piston moves further up. The air inside the |
| For a 2-stroke engine, the piston has to move up, | | | | combustionspace is compressed and becomes hot. |
| and then downto complete one cycle of the engine. | | | | The piston has nearlyreached Top Dead Center at |
| In those 2 strokes of thepiston, the crankshaft will | | | | this point. |
| have turned 1 revolution. | | | | Highly atomized fuel is then injected into the |
| The 2 strokes of the piston is to complete 4 stages | | | | combustionspace. The fuel burns rapidly causing an |
| of thecombustion cycle - air intake, compression, | | | | explosion insidethe combustion space. The explosion |
| combustion andexhaust. As you might have known, | | | | causes a tremendousrise in pressure and the piston is |
| in order for a fire (orexplosion) to occur to power | | | | pushed down towards BDC. |
| the engine, we need a fuel, aheat source, and | | | | As the piston moves down, the exhaust ports |
| oxygen coming together at the same time. | | | | uncover about |
| Remember how the crankshaft and the piston | | | | 50 degrees from BDC. Exhaust gases are thus led |
| moves in a cylinder? | | | | out from thecylinder. The pressure inside the cylinder |
| The reciprocating movement of the piston is | | | | drops immediately. |
| converted to rotarymotion by means of a | | | | The piston moves further down. At 35 degrees from |
| crankshaft. The piston reciprocates between | | | | BDC, ituncovers the air intake port. Fresh air is then |
| Top Dead Center and Bottom Dead Center inside the | | | | led into thecylinder. |
| cylinder liner. | | | | The piston then reaches BDC. Because of the |
| One of the most prominent feature of a 2-stroke | | | | momentumcreated from the force of the explosion, |
| engine is thepresence of air intake ports on the | | | | the piston reversesin direction and moves upwards |
| cylinder liner that willenable fresh air to be led in for | | | | towards Top Dead Center (TDC). |
| combustion. | | | | The process then repeats itself. |
| These air inlet ports are cut into the cylinder liner | | | | In some designs, the exhaust gases are removed |
| somewhereat the lower end of the latter. In a typical | | | | through anexhaust valve, located at the cylinder head |
| design, the airinlet port are located about 35 degrees | | | | and very similarto the 4-stroke engines. This type of |
| from the Bottom Dead | | | | scavenging is calleduniflow scavenging. The timing of |
| Center (BDC). | | | | the valve opening andclosing will be controlled by a |
| In many designs, the fresh air that is introduced into | | | | camshaft, push rods, rockerarms or other similar |
| thecylinder is also used to drive out the spent | | | | devices. |
| exhaust gasesinside it. Many designs make use of | | | | Well folks, why do we want to squeeze all the |
| scavenging air fans likeelectric blowers or | | | | strokes into |
| turbochargers to slightly pressurize theintake air | | | | 2 cycles? That could be discussed further... |
| before the latter is introduced into the cylinder. | | | | Make "hard-to-find" Tools "easy-to-find". You can only |
| In order to allow the exhaust gases to be expelled | | | | Produce |
| from thecylinder, exhaust ports are often cut into | | | | YOUR BEST with THE BEST!" Earn praises for a job |
| the cylinder justlike the air intake ports. A typical | | | | well done,only with the PROPER TOOLS! Locate |
| design will have theexhaust port located about 50 | | | | Hard-to-Find Tools for yourgarage and workshop. |
| degrees from Bottom Dead Center. | | | | Good for Cars, Trucks, Cycles, Boats, and |
| So, let's describe our engine stages at the | | | | Planes. |
| combustion spacebetween the piston top and the | | | | |